| 1. | EXECUTIVE SUMMARY |
| 1.1. | Packaging's role in increasing global plastics production |
| 1.2. | Market drivers for sustainable packaging |
| 1.3. | Sustainable packaging market segmentation |
| 1.4. | Opportunity for post-consumer recycled plastics in packaging |
| 1.5. | Opportunities for recycling in the polymer value chain |
| 1.6. | Complementary approaches for recycling |
| 1.7. | Drivers and restraints of mechanical recycling for packaging |
| 1.8. | Summary of chemical recycling approaches |
| 1.9. | Benchmarking of sustainable packaging plastics - virgin vs recycled petroleum plastics |
| 1.10. | Benchmarking of sustainable packaging plastics - fossil-derived plastics vs bioplastics |
| 1.11. | Notes on benchmarking of sustainable packaging plastics |
| 1.12. | Segmentation of sustainable packaging applications and players |
| 1.13. | Sustainable packaging start-up overview |
| 1.14. | Sustainable packaging market forecast |
| 1.15. | Recycled PET: the dominant sustainable plastic for packaging |
| 1.16. | Recycled HDPE and PP: growing in demand but facing key barriers for sustainable packaging |
| 1.17. | Recycled LDPE: little to no utilization in sustainable packaging |
| 1.18. | Evolution of mechanically and chemically recycled plastics for sustainable packaging |
| 1.19. | IDTechEx sustainable polymers portfolio |
| 2. | INTRODUCTION |
| 2.1. | List of acronyms |
| 2.2. | The circular economy |
| 2.3. | Packaging's role in increasing global plastics production |
| 2.4. | Plastic packaging materials |
| 2.5. | What is sustainable packaging? |
| 2.6. | Factors affecting packaging sustainability |
| 2.7. | Sustainable packaging market segmentation |
| 3. | MARKET ANALYSIS |
| 3.1. | Market drivers |
| 3.1.1. | Market drivers: government regulation on plastic use |
| 3.1.2. | Market drivers: Product producers, brands & retailers |
| 3.1.3. | Market drivers: Product producers, brands & retailers (2) |
| 3.1.4. | Market drivers: NGOs |
| 3.1.5. | Market drivers: Public |
| 3.2. | Sustainable packaging start-ups landscape |
| 3.2.1. | Investment interest in sustainable plastics technologies and packaging |
| 3.2.2. | Sustainable packaging start-up overview |
| 3.2.3. | Sustainable packaging start-ups by country of origin |
| 3.2.4. | Sustainable packaging start-ups by material |
| 3.2.5. | Sustainable packaging start-ups with the most investment |
| 3.2.6. | Sustainable packaging start-ups - materials related |
| 3.2.7. | Sustainable packaging start-ups - other |
| 3.3. | Barriers facing sustainable packaging |
| 3.3.1. | Impact of oil price on the competitiveness of plastic alternatives |
| 3.3.2. | The Green Premium |
| 3.3.3. | Rising feedstock prices |
| 3.3.4. | Other factors impacting the uptake of sustainable packaging materials |
| 4. | INCUMBENT PACKAGING MATERIALS |
| 4.1. | Factors affecting packaging material selection |
| 4.2. | Plastics for packaging |
| 4.3. | Paper and paperboard for packaging |
| 4.4. | Metals for packaging |
| 4.5. | Glass for packaging |
| 4.6. | Applications of incumbent packaging materials |
| 4.7. | Multi-material layered packaging |
| 4.8. | Materials for multi-layered packaging |
| 4.9. | End-of life for multi-material layered packaging |
| 4.10. | Further issues affecting multi-material layered packaging |
| 4.11. | Recycling of multi-material layered packaging |
| 4.12. | More sustainable alternatives to multi-material layered packaging |
| 5. | SUSTAINABLE PACKAGING MATERIALS |
| 5.1. | Introduction to plastics recycling |
| 5.1.1. | The four types of recycling: Process definitions |
| 5.1.2. | Understanding end-of-life plastics |
| 5.1.3. | Why are plastic recycling rates so low? |
| 5.1.4. | Recycling collection methods and facilities |
| 5.1.5. | Single vs multiple stream recycling |
| 5.1.6. | Opportunities for recycling in the polymer value chain |
| 5.1.7. | Global production of post-consumer recycled plastics |
| 5.1.8. | Opportunity for post-consumer recycled plastics in packaging |
| 5.2. | Mechanical recycling of plastics for packaging |
| 5.2.1. | Prominence of mechanical recycling for plastics |
| 5.2.2. | Primary mechanical recycling |
| 5.2.3. | Secondary mechanical recycling: collection and sorting |
| 5.2.4. | Secondary mechanical recycling: decontamination |
| 5.2.5. | Secondary mechanical recycling: melt and extrusion |
| 5.2.6. | The problem of downcycling |
| 5.2.7. | Contributors to downcycling |
| 5.2.8. | Recycled polymers in the food packaging industry |
| 5.2.9. | Approaches to improve secondary mechanical recycling |
| 5.2.10. | Invisible barcodes to improve plastic recycling |
| 5.2.11. | NEXTLOOPP: recycled food-grade polypropylene |
| 5.2.12. | Berry Global: recycled food-grade polypropylene |
| 5.2.13. | Drivers and restraints of secondary mechanical recycling for packaging |
| 5.2.14. | Chemical companies offering mechanically-recycled plastics for packaging |
| 5.2.15. | Recycling companies offering mechanically-recycled plastics for packaging |
| 5.2.16. | Partnerships to advance mechanically-recycled plastic production |
| 5.2.17. | Commercial applications of mechanically-recycled plastics |
| 5.3. | Mechanical recycling for packaging: key plastics |
| 5.3.1. | Mechanically recycling key polymer types |
| 5.3.2. | Mechanical recycling PET for packaging |
| 5.3.3. | Mechanical recycling PE for packaging |
| 5.3.4. | Mechanical recycling PP for packaging |
| 5.3.5. | Mechanical recycling PS for packaging |
| 5.4. | Advanced recycling of plastics for packaging |
| 5.4.1. | Chemical recycling in the polymer value chain |
| 5.4.2. | Complementary approaches for recycling |
| 5.4.3. | Market drivers for chemical recycling |
| 5.4.4. | Summary of chemical recycling approaches |
| 5.4.5. | Dissolution: technology overview |
| 5.4.6. | Dissolution plant overview |
| 5.4.7. | Pyrolysis: technology overview |
| 5.4.8. | Pyrolysis of plastic waste - process diagram |
| 5.4.9. | Comparison of pyrolysis processes |
| 5.4.10. | Contamination in pyrolysis |
| 5.4.11. | Depolymerisation: technology overview |
| 5.4.12. | Depolymerisation of PET |
| 5.4.13. | Enzyme technology for chemical recycling |
| 5.4.14. | Gasification: technology overview |
| 5.4.15. | Scope for gasification processes in a circular economy |
| 5.4.16. | Closing the loop on chemical recycling |
| 5.4.17. | Environmental viability of chemical recycling |
| 5.4.18. | Alternative recycling routes for MSW |
| 5.4.19. | Partnerships for chemically recycling mixed plastics |
| 5.4.20. | Partnerships for chemically recycling PET and PS |
| 5.4.21. | Chemical recycling for packaging |
| 5.5. | Chemical recycling for packaging: key plastics |
| 5.5.1. | Technology status by polymer feedstock |
| 5.5.2. | Chemical recycling PET for packaging |
| 5.5.3. | Chemical recycling PE for packaging |
| 5.5.4. | Chemical recycling PP for packaging |
| 5.5.5. | Chemical recycling PS for packaging |
| 5.6. | Alternatives to petroleum-based plastics for packaging |
| 5.6.1. | Bioplastics for packaging: overview |
| 5.6.2. | Synthetic biobased polymers |
| 5.6.3. | Naturally occurring biobased polymers |
| 5.6.4. | Other biobased materials |
| 5.7. | Recycled paper for packaging |
| 5.7.1. | Recycled paper for sustainable packaging |
| 5.7.2. | Innovations for recycled paper packaging |
| 6. | CARBON CAPTURE DERIVED MATERIALS FOR PACKAGING |
| 6.1. | What is Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS)? |
| 6.2. | CO₂ utilization for sustainable packaging |
| 6.3. | CO2-derived linear-chain polycarbonates |
| 6.4. | CO2-derived chemical precursors |
| 6.5. | Players in CO₂-derived chemicals by end-product |
| 6.6. | CO2-derived PHB for packaging: Newlight Technologies |
| 6.7. | CO2-derived PET and PE for packaging: LanzaTech |
| 7. | OTHER APPROACHES TO SUSTAINABLE PACKAGING |
| 7.1. | Design for recyclability |
| 7.2. | Reusable packaging & return programs |
| 7.3. | Reduction of packaging material use |
| 7.4. | Additives and coatings that improve sustainability |
| 8. | APPLICATIONS OF SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS IN PACKAGING |
| 8.1. | Overview |
| 8.1.1. | Segmentation of sustainable packaging applications |
| 8.2. | Sustainable food packaging |
| 8.2.1. | Players active in sustainable food packaging |
| 8.2.2. | Examples of commercial sustainable food packaging |
| 8.3. | Sustainable foodware and food service products |
| 8.3.1. | Players active in sustainable foodware and food service products |
| 8.3.2. | Examples of commercial sustainable foodware and food service products |
| 8.4. | Sustainable beverage packaging |
| 8.4.1. | Players active in sustainable beverage packaging |
| 8.4.2. | Examples of commercial sustainable beverage packaging |
| 8.5. | Sustainable packaging for shipping and transport |
| 8.5.1. | Players active in sustainable packaging for shipping and transport |
| 8.5.2. | Players active in sustainable packaging for shipping and transport: split by application |
| 8.5.3. | Examples of commercial sustainable packaging for shipping and transport applications |
| 8.6. | Sustainable packaging for home and pet care products |
| 8.6.1. | Players active in sustainable packaging for home and pet care products |
| 8.6.2. | Examples of commercial sustainable packaging for home and pet care products |
| 8.7. | Sustainable packaging for personal care and cosmetics |
| 8.7.1. | Players active in sustainable personal care and cosmetics packaging |
| 8.7.2. | Examples of commercial sustainable packaging for personal care and cosmetics |
| 9. | SUSTAINABLE PACKAGING FORECASTS |
| 9.1. | Forecast methodology and scope |
| 9.2. | Sustainable packaging market forecast |
| 9.3. | Sustainable packaging forecast segmented by material |
| 9.4. | Recycled PET: the dominant sustainable plastic for packaging |
| 9.5. | Recycled HDPE and PP: growing in demand but facing key barriers for sustainable packaging |
| 9.6. | Recycled LDPE: little to no utilization in sustainable packaging |
| 9.7. | Bioplastics for sustainable packaging market forecast |
| 9.8. | Sustainable packaging market forecast segmented by process |
| 9.9. | Evolution of mechanically and chemically recycled plastics for sustainable packaging |
| 10. | COMPANY PROFILES |
| 10.1. | Apeel |
| 10.2. | Avantium |
| 10.3. | Biomer |
| 10.4. | Bluepha |
| 10.5. | Borealis |
| 10.6. | Danimer Scientific |
| 10.7. | Ecomann |
| 10.8. | Ecovative |
| 10.9. | Footprint |
| 10.10. | Helian Polymers |
| 10.11. | Kaneka |
| 10.12. | LanzaTech |
| 10.13. | Licella |
| 10.14. | Newlight Technologies |
| 10.15. | Novamont |
| 10.16. | Origin Materials |
| 10.17. | Polyferm Canada |
| 10.18. | RWDC Industries |
| 10.19. | TemperPack |
| 10.20. | TIPA |
| 10.21. | TotalEnergies Corbion PLA |
| 10.22. | Weidmann Fiber Technology |
| 10.23. | Zume |
| 11. | APPENDIX |
| 11.1. | Sustainable packaging forecast |
| 11.2. | Sustainable packaging forecast - segmented by process |
| 11.3. | Bioplastics for sustainable packaging market forecast |